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Scientific Claims Verification

4 real rows pulled directly from the full dataset, unedited — the actual field structure and content a buyer receives. The full purchase includes all 43 rows.

Row 1 of 43
row_id
SC01
claim
The speed of light in vacuum is exactly 299,792,458 m/s.
claim_source_url
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_of_light
verification_method
nist+wikidata
verified_value
NIST 2022 CODATA: 299792458 m s^-1, flagged exact (zero uncertainty) — fixed by definition since the 2019 SI redefinition, which defines the metre in terms of c rather than treating c as a measured quantity. Wikidata's speed-of-light entity (Q2111) independently carries a P1181 ('numeric value') statement of 299792458 m/s with a P580 ('start time') qualifier of 1983 — the year the metre was first redefined in terms of a fixed c — sourced to the SI Brochure/CODATA rather than transcribed from NIST's own bulk file
verification_source_url
https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants/Table/allascii.txt
agreement
match
explanation
Live fetch of NIST's real 2022 CODATA bulk constants table (via this dataset's own scripts/verification/science-verify.mjs client) confirms the 'speed of light in vacuum' entry is 299792458 m s^-1 with an Uncertainty field of the literal string '(exact)', not a measured figure with error bars. Added a second, genuinely independent structured-data check this pass: Wikidata's own P1181 statement for the same quantity (Q2111), fetched live via a separate SPARQL/REST call, agrees exactly and additionally carries a P580 qualifier dating the fixed value to 1983 (the original metre redefinition, four years before c itself became the basis of the 2019 broader SI overhaul) — a real historical nuance NIST's flat bulk file doesn't carry. Honest caveat: Wikidata's reference here is 'stated in: SI Brochure (9th edition)', the same underlying international-standards lineage as CODATA, not a fully independent measurement — the value is a cross-check of curation/transcription, not an independent metrology result.
grading_mode
exact
difficulty
easy
tags
[
  "physics",
  "constants",
  "speed-of-light",
  "si-units"
]
model_tested
claude-sonnet-5
model_question
What is the defined value of the speed of light in vacuum in meters per second, and is it now treated as an exact figure or a measured quantity with uncertainty?
model_response
The speed of light in vacuum is defined as exactly 299,792,458 meters per second. Since 1983, this has been a fixed, exact defined value (not a measured quantity with uncertainty) — it's used to define the meter itself, so by definition there's no error bar on it.
model_verdict
correct
model_grading_note
Matches ground truth exactly: 299,792,458 m/s, exact/fixed since 1983/2019 redefinition, not measured.
Row 2 of 43
row_id
SC02
claim
The Planck constant is exactly 6.62607015×10⁻³⁴ J·Hz⁻¹.
claim_source_url
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planck_constant
verification_method
nist+wikidata
verified_value
NIST 2022 CODATA: 6.62607015e-34 J Hz^-1, exact (fixed since the 20 May 2019 SI redefinition, which now defines the kilogram in terms of h). Wikidata's Planck-constant entity (Q122894) independently carries a P1181 statement of the same value (6.62607015e-34 J·s), referenced to the real BIPM 'Draft Resolution A' PDF (archived, live-checked URL) and dated via a P813 qualifier to 17 November 2018 — the day the 26th CGPM formally adopted the fixed value
verification_source_url
https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants/Table/allascii.txt
agreement
match
explanation
NIST's live table lists 'Planck constant' at 6.62607015 e-34 J Hz^-1, Uncertainty '(exact)'. Matches. Second-method addition this pass: Wikidata's P1181 statement resolves to the identical numeric value and, unlike several other rows in this dataset, actually carries a real, live, dereferenceable P854 reference URL — the BIPM's own 26th CGPM resolution document — making this one of the few rows where the Wikidata corroboration points to a genuinely different primary-source document (BIPM's Draft Resolution A) than the NIST bulk ASCII file this dataset otherwise relies on, not just a second copy of the same CODATA number. Note the raw NIST table also carries two related-but-distinct entries — 'Planck constant in eV/Hz' and 'reduced Planck constant' — that a naive exact-string lookup would miss; science-verify.mjs's lookupConstant() resolves 'Planck constant' unambiguously via an exact-match-first strategy (see the client's gotcha #5).
grading_mode
exact
difficulty
medium
tags
[
  "physics",
  "constants",
  "planck-constant",
  "si-units"
]
model_tested
claude-sonnet-5
model_question
What is the exact numerical value of the Planck constant in J·Hz⁻¹ (or J·s) under the current SI system?
model_response
The 2019 SI redefinition fixed the Planck constant exactly at h = 6.62607015 × 10⁻³⁴ J·s (equivalently J·Hz⁻¹), with no uncertainty since it's now a defining constant.
model_verdict
correct
model_grading_note
Matches ground truth exactly: 6.62607015×10⁻³⁴ J·s, exact defining constant since 2019.
Row 3 of 43
row_id
SC03
claim
The elementary charge is exactly 1.602176634×10⁻¹⁹ C.
claim_source_url
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementary_charge
verification_method
nist+wikidata
verified_value
NIST 2022 CODATA: 1.602176634e-19 C, exact (fixed since the 2019 SI redefinition, which now defines the ampere/coulomb in terms of e). Wikidata's elementary-charge entity (Q2101) independently carries a matching P1181 statement of 1.602176634e-19 C, referenced (via P248 'stated in') to 'CODATA recommended values' rather than to a NIST URL directly
verification_source_url
https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants/Table/allascii.txt
agreement
match
explanation
NIST's live table lists 'elementary charge' at 1.602176634 e-19 C, Uncertainty '(exact)'. Matches exactly. Wikidata's own P1181 statement independently agrees on the value — added this pass as a second check — but honestly, its reference is 'stated in: CODATA recommended values' (an entity-valued P248 reference, not a distinct primary document), so this corroboration mainly validates that Wikidata's own structured-data curation and this dataset's NIST parsing arrived at the same number independently, rather than pointing to a wholly separate measurement lineage the way SC02's BIPM reference does.
grading_mode
exact
difficulty
medium
tags
[
  "physics",
  "constants",
  "elementary-charge",
  "si-units"
]
model_tested
claude-sonnet-5
model_question
What is the exact value of the elementary charge in coulombs as fixed under the current SI definition?
model_response
The elementary charge is defined as exactly e = 1.602176634 × 10⁻¹⁹ coulombs, fixed as an exact value by the 2019 redefinition of the SI base units.
model_verdict
correct
model_grading_note
Matches ground truth exactly: 1.602176634×10⁻¹⁹ C, exact since 2019 SI redefinition.
Row 4 of 43
row_id
SC04
claim
Since the 2019 SI redefinition, the kelvin is defined by fixing the Boltzmann constant at exactly 1.380649×10⁻²³ J/K, rather than by the triple point of water.
claim_source_url
https://www.nist.gov/si-redefinition
verification_method
nist+wikidata
verified_value
NIST 2022 CODATA: 1.380649e-23 J K^-1, exact. Wikidata's Boltzmann-constant entity (Q5962) independently carries a matching P1181 statement (1.380649e-23), qualified with the external-ID snak P1645='k' and referenced to '2018 CODATA recommended values'
verification_source_url
https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Constants/Table/allascii.txt
agreement
match
explanation
NIST's live table lists 'Boltzmann constant' at 1.380649 e-23 J K^-1, Uncertainty '(exact)', consistent with the 2019 redefinition replacing the old triple-point-of-water kelvin definition with a fixed Boltzmann constant. Matches. Second-method addition this pass: Wikidata's own P1181 statement for the Boltzmann constant agrees exactly. Worth noting honestly, same caveat as SC03 — the Wikidata reference chain ultimately traces back to the same CODATA/BIPM process this dataset already checks via NIST, so this corroborates curation accuracy rather than providing a metrologically independent second measurement.
grading_mode
exact
difficulty
medium
tags
[
  "physics",
  "constants",
  "boltzmann-constant",
  "si-units"
]
model_tested
claude-sonnet-5
model_question
Since the 2019 SI redefinition, what fixed numerical value of the Boltzmann constant (in J/K) is used to define the kelvin, replacing the old triple-point-of-water definition?
model_response
The exact fixed value is 1.380649 × 10⁻²³ J/K.
model_verdict
correct
model_grading_note
Matches ground truth exactly: 1.380649×10⁻²³ J/K, exact fixed value.
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